Php end of line

Php end of line

Эти константы объявляются ядром PHP и охватывают PHP, Zend engine и SAPI-модули.

PHP_VERSION ( string ) Текущая версия PHP в виде строки в формате «major.minor.release[extra]». PHP_MAJOR_VERSION ( integer ) Текущая «основная» (major) версия PHP в виде целого числа (например, int(5) для версии «5.2.7-extra»). Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_MINOR_VERSION ( integer ) Текущая «промежуточная» (minor) версия PHP в виде целого числа (например, int(2) для версии «5.2.7-extra»). Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_RELEASE_VERSION ( integer ) Текущая «релиз»-версия (release) PHP в виде целого числа (например, int(7) для версии «5.2.7-extra»). Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_VERSION_ID ( integer ) Текущая версия PHP в виде целого числа, её удобно использовать при сравнениях версий (например, int(50207) для версии «5.2.7-extra»). Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_EXTRA_VERSION ( string ) Текущая «экстра»-версия PHP в виде строки (например, ‘-extra’ для версии «5.2.7-extra»). Обычно используется в различных дистрибутивах для индикации версий пакетов. Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_ZTS ( integer ) Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_DEBUG ( integer ) Доступно с PHP 5.2.7. PHP_MAXPATHLEN ( integer ) Максимальная длина файловых имен (включая путь), поддерживаемая данной сборкой PHP. Доступно с PHP 5.3.0. PHP_OS ( string ) Операционная система, под которую собирался PHP. PHP_OS_FAMILY ( string ) Семейство операционных систем, для которых собран PHP. Любая из ‘Windows’, ‘BSD’, ‘Darwin’, ‘Solaris’, ‘Linux’ или ‘unknown’. Доступно с PHP 7.2.0. PHP_SAPI ( string ) API сервера (Server API) данной сборки PHP. Смотрите также php_sapi_name() . PHP_EOL ( string ) Корректный символ конца строки, используемый на данной платформе. Доступно с PHP 5.0.2 PHP_INT_MAX ( integer ) Максимальное целое число, поддерживаемое данной сборкой PHP. Обычно это int(2147483647) в 32-битных системах и int(9223372036854775807) в 64-битных. Доступно с PHP 5.0.5 Обычно, PHP_INT_MIN ===

PHP_INT_MAX. PHP_INT_MIN ( integer ) Минимальное целое число, поддерживаемое данной сборкой PHP. Обычно это int(-2147483648) в 32-битных системах и int(-9223372036854775808) в 64-битных. Доступно с PHP 7.0.0 PHP_INT_SIZE ( integer ) Размер целого числа в байтах в текущей сборке PHP. Доступно с PHP 5.0.5 PHP_FLOAT_DIG ( integer ) Количество десятичных цифр, которые могут быть округлены в float и обратно без потери точности. Доступно с PHP 7.2.0. PHP_FLOAT_EPSILON ( float ) Наименьшее положительное число x, такое, что x + 1.0 != 1.0. Доступно с PHP 7.2.0. PHP_FLOAT_MIN ( float ) Наименьшее возможное положительное число типа float . Если вам нужно наименьшее возможное отрицательное число типа float , используйте — PHP_FLOAT_MAX. Доступно с PHP 7.2.0. PHP_FLOAT_MAX ( float ) Максимальное возможное число типа float . Доступно с PHP 7.2.0. DEFAULT_INCLUDE_PATH ( string ) PEAR_INSTALL_DIR ( string ) PEAR_EXTENSION_DIR ( string ) PHP_EXTENSION_DIR ( string ) PHP_PREFIX ( string ) Значение опции «—prefix», указанной при запуске configure. PHP_BINDIR ( string ) Указывает путь установки бинарных файлов. PHP_BINARY ( string ) Указывает путь к исполняемым файлам PHP во время выполнения скрипта. Доступно с PHP 5.4. PHP_MANDIR ( string ) Указывает путь установки страниц документации man. Доступно с PHP 5.3.7. PHP_LIBDIR ( string ) PHP_DATADIR ( string ) PHP_SYSCONFDIR ( string ) PHP_LOCALSTATEDIR ( string ) PHP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH ( string ) PHP_CONFIG_FILE_SCAN_DIR ( string ) PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX ( string ) Суффикс, используемый для динамически линкуемых библиотек, таких как «so» (для большинства Unix-систем) или «dll» (Windows). PHP_FD_SETSIZE ( string ) Максимальное количество файловых дескрипторов для системных вызовов. Доступно с PHP 7.1.0. E_ERROR ( integer ) Константа, указывающая уровень сообщений об ошибках E_WARNING ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_PARSE ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_NOTICE ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_CORE_ERROR ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_CORE_WARNING ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_COMPILE_ERROR ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_COMPILE_WARNING ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_USER_ERROR ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_USER_WARNING ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_USER_NOTICE ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке Доступно с PHP 5.2.0 E_DEPRECATED ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке Доступно с PHP 5.3.0 E_USER_DEPRECATED ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке Доступно с PHP 5.3.0 E_ALL ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке E_STRICT ( integer ) Константа сообщения об ошибке __COMPILER_HALT_OFFSET__ ( integer ) Доступно с PHP 5.1.0 TRUE ( boolean ) Смотрите раздел Булев тип. FALSE ( boolean ) Смотрите раздел Булев тип. NULL ( null ) Смотрите Null. PHP_WINDOWS_EVENT_CTRL_C ( integer ) Событие Windows CTRL+C. Доступно с PHP 7.4.0 (Только для Windows). PHP_WINDOWS_EVENT_CTRL_BREAK ( integer ) Событие Windows CTRL+BREAK. Доступно с PHP 7.4.0 (Только для Windows).

Стандартные предопределенные константы

Все константы, входящие в состав ядра расширений, теперь определены в PHP по умолчанию.

End of Line/Newline Problem

Woobag Light Poster

Assuming that PHP_EOL directive and the new line «n» do the same thing, neither are working. I’ve recently updated to PHP5 after a long hiatus from PHP altogether.

I have tried putting the newline character in single and double quotes, but to no avail.

Anyone have any suggestions?

Thanks in advance.
-Woobag

edit — forgot to say that the characters throw no errors or exceptions, but simply do nothing, as if they were not there

• 12 Contributors
• forum14 Replies
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• 4 Years Discussion Span
• commentLatest Post 7 Years Ago by EvolutionFallen

ShawnCplus 456

Well the n isn’t parsed for single quotes but it is for double quotes. Also, I’m not sure where you’re trying to use it but if you are just outputting to an HTML page then it wont display the newline because whitespace characters(unless preempted with a

Both are not working to produce new lines.

Sorry i didn’t post this first.

edit — I tried wrapping the PHP code in

tags and that did the trick, still trying to understand why it does not work without them.

ShawnCplus 456

Because in HTML whitespace characters (newline, space, tab) are ignored with rendering the page.

rudevils

hi woobag,
i think u can use «
» instead of «n»

Walkere 19

edit — I tried wrapping the PHP code in

tags and that did the trick, still trying to understand why it does not work without them.

As other people have pointed out, the reason this doesn’t work without a

tag is that HTML ignores normal whitespace characters.

The reason it does work with a

tag is that that is what

tags are designed for. The text inside of a

tag will be displayed with all white space intact — in your case with a newline character.

As was suggested before, use a
tag instead of an ‘n’ if you want to create a line break in your HTML output.

However, the ‘n’ still has a function and it is still doing something. If you view the HTML source for the output of your script, you should notice that the newline is observed.

So, if you’re echo-ing large amounts of HTML, it can be a very good idea to include newline characters in there. That way your source code is still readable and not just one long jumbled line.

laschofield

I’m having a different problem with the newline character and can find no references to it at all. I want to use the newline character for debugging purposes: to break up the source code into readable sections. I’m echoing
with no problems to create hard returns in my html. The problem is that when I follow my
s with /n’s it actually prints the characters ‘/n’ in my html!! So I’ll have a hard return and then the characters /n print on the screen. I’ve used double quotes to parse the newline character. It still shows up on the screen. I’ve escaped it as //n and that doesn’t work. I’ve used /r/n and that doesn’t either. I’m still getting output and no errors, I just want /n to behave as a line break when I view the source code rather than have it appear on the screen!!

Any suggestions as to what I’m doing wrong?

VS Code Fix for “End of line character is invalid” PHPCS Error

As I’m continuing with my PHP practice, I decided to install some additional extensions for Visual Studio Code.

One of those extensions is PHP CodeSniffer (PHPCS), which is awesome!

I set it to the PSR-2 standard and started to adjust the code, but I couldn’t figure out the solution to one of the errors:

Fortunately, after some digging around, I found the solution, and I’ll share with you in this tutorial!

What’s Causing This PHPCS Error?

From what I understand, the error is related to the operating system and the newline control codes: LF (Line Feed) and CR (Carriage Return).

Some operating systems, such as Windows, use CRLF (or CR+LF), while others, such as Linux, use LF.

So, if you’re using Windows, Visual Studio Code will set the code to CRLF by default, and, apparently, PHP CodeSniffer wants it set to LF to stop “screaming”.

You can read more about these codes here.

Fix ‘End of line character is invalid; expected “n” but found “rn”‘ Error in VS Code

I’ll show you how to set LF in VS Code per file or as default for all new files.

Set LF as default

Step 1

Go to File > Preferences > Settings, search for settings.json in the search field, then click the Edit in settings.json link.

You can choose to add the setting at a User or Workspace level.

Step 2

Add a comma after the last line and then add the following code on the next line:

Notes

• This won’t apply for the existing files that are already set to CRLF. It will apply for the newly created files.
• You might need to restart VS Code after the edit, as Biggs pointed out in the comments.

Check the second method to see how to change CRLF to LF on every file.

Set LF manually, per file

Step 1

Click on the CRLF button found at the bottom-right in VS Code.

Alternatively, you can open your Command Palette by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+P, add Change End of Line Sequence, then select LF, as you see in the second step.

Step 2

Click on LF at the top.

Now, the ‘End of line character is invalid; expected “n” but found “rn”‘ CodeSniffer error should disappear, and the new files you create should be set to LF automatically (if you set it as default).

That’s a Wrap

I hope you found this guide useful and the fix worked for you!

If you have questions or thoughts, please leave a comment or send me a message using the contact page.

Don’t forget to share the post to help out others!

Start of String and End of String Anchors

Thus far, we have learned about literal characters, character classes, and the dot. Putting one of these in a regex tells the regex engine to try to match a single character.

Anchors are a different breed. They do not match any character at all. Instead, they match a position before, after, or between characters. They can be used to “anchor” the regex match at a certain position. The caret ^ matches the position before the first character in the string. Applying ^ a to abc matches a . ^ b does not match abc at all, because the b cannot be matched right after the start of the string, matched by ^ . See below for the inside view of the regex engine.

Similarly, $ matches right after the last character in the string. c $ matches c in abc , while a $ does not match at all.

A regex that consists solely of an anchor can only find zero-length matches. This can be useful, but can also create complications that are explained near the end of this tutorial.

Useful Applications

When using regular expressions in a programming language to validate user input, using anchors is very important. If you use the code if ($input =

m/d+/) in a Perl script to see if the user entered an integer number, it will accept the input even if the user entered qsdf4ghjk , because d + matches the 4 . The correct regex to use is ^ d + $ . Because “start of string” must be matched before the match of d + , and “end of string” must be matched right after it, the entire string must consist of digits for ^ d + $ to be able to match.

It is easy for the user to accidentally type in a space. When Perl reads from a line from a text file, the line break is also be stored in the variable. So before validating input, it is good practice to trim leading and trailing whitespace. ^ s + matches leading whitespace and s + $ matches trailing whitespace. In Perl, you could use $input =

s/^s+|s+$//g . Handy use of alternation and /g allows us to do this in a single line of code.

Using ^ and $ as Start of Line and End of Line Anchors

If you have a string consisting of multiple lines, like first linensecond line (where n indicates a line break), it is often desirable to work with lines, rather than the entire string. Therefore, most regex engines discussed in this tutorial have the option to expand the meaning of both anchors. ^ can then match at the start of the string (before the f in the above string), as well as after each line break (between n and s ). Likewise, $ still matches at the end of the string (after the last e ), and also before every line break (between e and n ).

In text editors like EditPad Pro or GNU Emacs, and regex tools like PowerGREP, the caret and dollar always match at the start and end of each line. This makes sense because those applications are designed to work with entire files, rather than short strings. In Ruby and std::regex the caret and dollar also always match at the start and end of each line. In Boost they match at the start and end of each line by default. Boost allows you to turn this off with regex_constants::no_mod_m when using the ECMAScript grammar.

In all other programming languages and libraries discussed on this website , you have to explicitly activate this extended functionality. It is traditionally called “multi-line mode”. In Perl, you do this by adding an m after the regex code, like this: m/^regex$/m; . In .NET, the anchors match before and after newlines when you specify RegexOptions.Multiline , such as in Regex.Match(«string», «regex», RegexOptions.Multiline) .

Line Break Characters

The tutorial page about the dot already discussed which characters are seen as line break characters by the various regex flavors. This affects the anchors just as much when in multi-line mode, and when the dollar matches before the end of the final break. The anchors handle line breaks that consist of a single character the same way as the dot in each regex flavor.

For anchors there’s an additional consideration when CR and LF occur as a pair and the regex flavor treats both these characters as line breaks. Delphi, Java, and the JGsoft flavor treat CRLF as an indivisible pair. ^ matches after CRLF and $ matches before CRLF, but neither match in the middle of a CRLF pair. JavaScript and XPath treat CRLF pairs as two line breaks. ^ matches in the middle of and after CRLF, while $ matches before and in the middle of CRLF.

Permanent Start of String and End of String Anchors

A only ever matches at the start of the string. Likewise, Z only ever matches at the end of the string. These two tokens never match at line breaks. This is true in all regex flavors discussed in this tutorial, even when you turn on “multiline mode”. In EditPad Pro and PowerGREP, where the caret and dollar always match at the start and end of lines, A and Z only match at the start and the end of the entire file.

JavaScript, POSIX, XML, and XPath do not support A and Z . You’re stuck with using the caret and dollar for this purpose.

The GNU extensions to POSIX regular expressions use ‘ (backtick) to match the start of the string, and ‘ (single quote) to match the end of the string.

Strings Ending with a Line Break

Because Perl returns a string with a newline at the end when reading a line from a file, Perl’s regex engine matches $ at the position before the line break at the end of the string even when multi-line mode is turned off. Perl also matches $ at the very end of the string, regardless of whether that character is a line break. So ^ d + $ matches 123 whether the subject string is 123 or 123n .

Most modern regex flavors have copied this behavior. That includes .NET, Java, PCRE, Delphi, PHP, and Python. This behavior is independent of any settings such as “multi-line mode”.

In all these flavors except Python, Z also matches before the final line break. If you only want a match at the absolute very end of the string, use z (lowercase z instead of uppercase Z). A d + z does not match 123n . z matches after the line break, which is not matched by the shorthand character class.

In Python, Z matches only at the very end of the string. Python does not support z .

Strings Ending with Multiple Line Breaks

If a string ends with multiple line breaks and multi-line mode is off then $ only matches before the last of those line breaks in all flavors where it can match before the final break. The same is true for Z regardless of multi-line mode.

Boost is the only exception. In Boost, Z can match before any number of trailing line breaks as well as at the very end of the string. So if the subject string ends with three line breaks, Boost’s Z has four positions that it can match at. Like in all other flavors, Boost’s Z is independent of multi-line mode. Boost’s $ only matches at the very end of the string when you turn off multi-line mode (which is on by default in Boost).

Looking Inside The Regex Engine

Let’s see what happens when we try to match ^ 4 $ to 749n486n4 (where n represents a newline character) in multi-line mode. As usual, the regex engine starts at the first character: 7 . The first token in the regular expression is ^ . Since this token is a zero-length token, the engine does not try to match it with the character, but rather with the position before the character that the regex engine has reached so far. ^ indeed matches the position before 7 . The engine then advances to the next regex token: 4 . Since the previous token was zero-length, the regex engine does not advance to the next character in the string. It remains at 7 . 4 is a literal character, which does not match 7 . There are no other permutations of the regex, so the engine starts again with the first regex token, at the next character: 4 . This time, ^ cannot match at the position before the 4. This position is preceded by a character, and that character is not a newline. The engine continues at 9 , and fails again. The next attempt, at n , also fails. Again, the position before n is preceded by a character, 9 , and that character is not a newline.

Then, the regex engine arrives at the second 4 in the string. The ^ can match at the position before the 4 , because it is preceded by a newline character. Again, the regex engine advances to the next regex token, 4 , but does not advance the character position in the string. 4 matches 4 , and the engine advances both the regex token and the string character. Now the engine attempts to match $ at the position before (indeed: before) the 8 . The dollar cannot match here, because this position is followed by a character, and that character is not a newline.

Yet again, the engine must try to match the first token again. Previously, it was successfully matched at the second 4 , so the engine continues at the next character, 8 , where the caret does not match. Same at the 6 and the newline.

Finally, the regex engine tries to match the first token at the third 4 in the string. With success. After that, the engine successfully matches 4 with 4 . The current regex token is advanced to $ , and the current character is advanced to the very last position in the string: the void after the string. No regex token that needs a character to match can match here. Not even a negated character class. However, we are trying to match a dollar sign, and the mighty dollar is a strange beast. It is zero-length, so it tries to match the position before the current character. It does not matter that this “character” is the void after the string. In fact, the dollar checks the current character. It must be either a newline, or the void after the string, for $ to match the position before the current character. Since that is the case after the example, the dollar matches successfully.

Since $ was the last token in the regex, the engine has found a successful match: the last 4 in the string.

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PHP — Loop Types

Loops in PHP are used to execute the same block of code a specified number of times. PHP supports following four loop types.

for − loops through a block of code a specified number of times.

while − loops through a block of code if and as long as a specified condition is true.

do. while − loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as a special condition is true.

foreach − loops through a block of code for each element in an array.

We will discuss about continue and break keywords used to control the loops execution.

The for loop statement

The for statement is used when you know how many times you want to execute a statement or a block of statements.

Syntax

The initializer is used to set the start value for the counter of the number of loop iterations. A variable may be declared here for this purpose and it is traditional to name it $i.

Example

The following example makes five iterations and changes the assigned value of two variables on each pass of the loop −

This will produce the following result −

The while loop statement

The while statement will execute a block of code if and as long as a test expression is true.

If the test expression is true then the code block will be executed. After the code has executed the test expression will again be evaluated and the loop will continue until the test expression is found to be false.

Syntax

Example

This example decrements a variable value on each iteration of the loop and the counter increments until it reaches 10 when the evaluation is false and the loop ends.

This will produce the following result −

The do. while loop statement

The do. while statement will execute a block of code at least once — it then will repeat the loop as long as a condition is true.

Syntax

Example

The following example will increment the value of i at least once, and it will continue incrementing the variable i as long as it has a value of less than 10 −

This will produce the following result −

The foreach loop statement

The foreach statement is used to loop through arrays. For each pass the value of the current array element is assigned to $value and the array pointer is moved by one and in the next pass next element will be processed.

Syntax

Example

Try out following example to list out the values of an array.

This will produce the following result −

The break statement

The PHP break keyword is used to terminate the execution of a loop prematurely.

The break statement is situated inside the statement block. It gives you full control and whenever you want to exit from the loop you can come out. After coming out of a loop immediate statement to the loop will be executed.

Example

In the following example condition test becomes true when the counter value reaches 3 and loop terminates.

This will produce the following result −

The continue statement

The PHP continue keyword is used to halt the current iteration of a loop but it does not terminate the loop.

Just like the break statement the continue statement is situated inside the statement block containing the code that the loop executes, preceded by a conditional test. For the pass encountering continue statement, rest of the loop code is skipped and next pass starts.

Example

In the following example loop prints the value of array but for which condition becomes true it just skip the code and next value is printed.